Lab 07

Math 210
Laboratory 7

Two-Way Tables: Hope Professors

In this lab, we will construct a two-way table for the gender and rank of all the professors at Hope College. In doing so, we will be looking to see if there are any relationships between these two variables. We will also look at the quantitative variable of length of time at Hope and see how that differs between male and female professors. The data set for the 2003-2004 academic year can be found here.

Let’s first look at things one variable at a time.

What are the counts and percentages of males and females?

To do this, select Stat > Tables > Tally Individual Variables, then put Gender in the Variables: box and check both Counts and Percents.

Make a pie chart for the percents of male and female professors..

To do this, select Graph > Pie Chart. In the Categorical Variables: box put Gender. Click OK and edit the pie chart appropriately. Make sure the colors used can easily be distinguished when printed in black and white.

What are the counts and percentages for the number of professors in each rank?
Make a bar graph for the number of professors in each rank.

To do this, select Graph > Bar Chart > Simple. In the Categorical variables: box put Rank. Edit your bar chart appropriately.

Is there a relationship between gender and rank? For example, are males more likely to hold the highest rank of Professor, while females are more likely to hold the lowest rank of Assistant Professor?

To investigate this hypothesis, we need to create a two-way table from this data. Create the two-way table where the Genders are the row headings and the Ranks are the Column Headings. Each (of the six) cells in the table will contain a count.

To do this click on Stat > Tables > Cross Tabulation in the For Rows: box put in Gender and in the For Columns: box put in Rank. Make sure that Counts is check under Display and click OK. Copy your two way table into your Word document, edit it appropriately, and answer the following questions by using your table and dividing the appropriate counts.

What percent of all the males have a rank of Professor?
What percent of all the females have a rank of Professor?
What percent of all the males have a rank of Assistant Professor?
What percent of all the females have a rank of Assistant Professor?
Based on these percents, are males more likely to hold the highest rank of Professor, while females are more likely to hold the lowest rank of Assistant Professor? Why do you think that is?

So far we have just looked at categorical variables. The one quantitative variable we have is the year of appointment at Hope.

Find the mean number of years professors have been at Hope.

To do this click on Stat > Basic Statistics > Display Descriptive Statistics. Put Year in the Variables: box. (You will now get the mean year of appointment. Subtract this from 2004 to get the mean number of years at Hope.)

Find the mean number of years male professors have been at Hope and the mean number of years female professors have been at Hope.

To do this Stats > Basic Stats >Display Descriptive Statistics then put Year in the Variables: box and Gender in the By Variables: box.

Based on your answers from part b, does your answer to question 2f change or not. Explain.